{"id":278671,"date":"2026-07-13T00:00:27","date_gmt":"2026-07-12T23:00:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/?p=278671"},"modified":"2026-07-12T23:12:52","modified_gmt":"2026-07-12T22:12:52","slug":"colares-wine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/es\/blog\/colares-wine\/","title":{"rendered":"Vino Colares: Vi\u00f1as sin injertar de Portugal en arena"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"278671\" class=\"elementor elementor-278671\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41e42d3 e-con-full e-grid e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"41e42d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66fdd24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"66fdd24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Fabio-Mendes-Founder-and-CEO-at-Yellow-Cab-TT-Tours-author-rph4w5c6sy60sd9gcztuq4hr92401od54s0d9euyu8.png\" title=\"F\u00e1bio Mendes \u2013 Founder and CEO at Yellow Cab TT Tours \u2013 author\" alt=\"F\u00e1bio Mendes - Founder and CEO at Yellow Cab TT Tours - author\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7fc909b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7fc909b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Author:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/our-team\/fabio-mendes\/\">F\u00e1bio Mendes<\/a> \u00b7 Founder &amp; Director, Yellow Cab TT Tours<\/div><div style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>13 Jule 2026 \u00b7 15 min read<\/b><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5a162e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a5a162e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bc086db elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bc086db\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-extended\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6051308\" data-id=\"6051308\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2010588 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2010588\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-2\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-52\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"67fc73a3-1508-4524-be85-6fa72190eee2\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"17\" data-end=\"763\"><strong data-start=\"17\" data-end=\"31\">Phylloxera<\/strong> destroyed roughly <strong data-start=\"50\" data-end=\"86\">two-thirds of Europe&#8217;s vineyards<\/strong> in the second half of the <strong data-start=\"113\" data-end=\"129\">19th century<\/strong>, reaching <strong data-start=\"140\" data-end=\"167\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Portugal&#8217;s Douro Valley<\/strong> in <strong data-start=\"171\" data-end=\"179\">1868<\/strong> and crippling the country&#8217;s <strong data-start=\"208\" data-end=\"216\">Port<\/strong> estates within a few years. The fix everywhere was the same: rip out the vines and graft <strong data-start=\"306\" data-end=\"318\">European<\/strong> varieties onto phylloxera-resistant <strong data-start=\"355\" data-end=\"367\">American<\/strong> rootstock. <strong data-start=\"379\" data-end=\"405\">Twenty-five kilometres<\/strong> from <strong data-start=\"411\" data-end=\"421\">Lisbon<\/strong>, on a strip of <strong data-start=\"437\" data-end=\"449\">Atlantic<\/strong> coastline called <strong data-start=\"467\" data-end=\"478\">Colares<\/strong>, nobody had to do that \u2014 the local vines are still growing on their own roots, because phylloxera cannot burrow through loose sand. That single geological accident is why <strong data-start=\"650\" data-end=\"661\">Colares<\/strong> is one of the few places left in <strong data-start=\"695\" data-end=\"705\">Europe<\/strong> where <strong data-start=\"712\" data-end=\"730\">Vitis vinifera<\/strong> vines were never grafted at all.<\/p><p data-start=\"765\" data-end=\"1236\">It&#8217;s also, less romantically, why <strong data-start=\"799\" data-end=\"810\">Colares<\/strong> nearly stopped existing. The same sandy soil that saved the vines from an insect couldn&#8217;t save them from <strong data-start=\"916\" data-end=\"928\">Lisbon&#8217;s<\/strong> suburbs, which swallowed most of the region&#8217;s vineyard land across the <strong data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1016\">20th century<\/strong>. What was roughly <strong data-start=\"1035\" data-end=\"1053\">2,000 hectares<\/strong> at the time of the region&#8217;s <strong data-start=\"1082\" data-end=\"1090\">1908<\/strong> demarcation is around <strong data-start=\"1113\" data-end=\"1128\">24 hectares<\/strong> today \u2014 a decline of <strong data-start=\"1150\" data-end=\"1162\">over 98%<\/strong>, on some of the most historically important vineyard land in the country.<\/p><p data-start=\"1238\" data-end=\"1413\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">This is what makes <strong data-start=\"1257\" data-end=\"1268\">Colares<\/strong> wine what it is: the grapes, the sand-planting method nobody else bothers with, the aging rules, and where to actually taste it near <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/lisbon\/\">Lisbon<\/a>.<br \/><br \/>Check out also our <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/blog\/portugal-wine-guide\/\">Portugal Regions Guide<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcccc9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"dcccc9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a406c3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4a406c3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e746687 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"e746687\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e746687\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Abrir la tabla de contenidos\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e746687\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Cerrar la tabla de contenidos\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__e746687\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 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elementor-element-9e76442\" data-id=\"9e76442\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33c9341 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"33c9341\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-300\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"235b1eba-be5e-44ac-a44c-41c74f195a0d\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-322\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"f7284e68-f339-444f-94c6-4d61512807e3\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-440\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"13b906d7-8f30-4417-b298-b2545b96195b\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-468\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"b2148bb2-2c6d-4da4-8f07-cb0c8c6dc16b\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1xdcu7u\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"24\">What Is Colares Wine?<\/h2><p data-start=\"26\" data-end=\"412\">Colares is a <strong data-start=\"39\" data-end=\"81\">DOC (Denomina\u00e7\u00e3o de Origem Controlada)<\/strong> \u2014 Portugal&#8217;s top wine classification tier \u2014 covering the parishes of Colares, S\u00e3o Martinho, and S\u00e3o Jo\u00e3o das Lampas, inside the municipality of <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/sintra\/\">Sintra<\/a>, about <strong data-start=\"240\" data-end=\"249\">25 km<\/strong> northwest of Lisbon. The region sits between the Atlantic Ocean to the west and the Serra de Sintra to the south and east, inside the Sintra-Cascais Natural Park.<\/p><p data-start=\"414\" data-end=\"946\">It was demarcated on <strong data-start=\"435\" data-end=\"456\">18 September 1908<\/strong>, by the same Letter of Law that simultaneously created three other Portuguese wine regions \u2014 D\u00e3o, Carcavelos, and Vinho Verde \u2014 a single piece of legislation covering four regions at once, regulated in detail by a further Decree on <strong data-start=\"689\" data-end=\"704\">25 May 1910<\/strong>. That put Colares one year behind its neighbour to the south, Set\u00fabal, demarcated in <strong data-start=\"790\" data-end=\"798\">1907<\/strong> \u2014 we&#8217;ve written about that <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/blog\/moscatel-de-setubal\/\">region&#8217;s own wine separately<\/a>, and the two demarcation dates check out against each other.<\/p><p data-start=\"948\" data-end=\"1426\">DOC rules require red wines to contain a minimum of <strong data-start=\"1000\" data-end=\"1015\">80% Ramisco<\/strong>, with up to <strong data-start=\"1028\" data-end=\"1035\">20%<\/strong> of other local varieties \u2014 mainly Molar and Jo\u00e3o Santar\u00e9m \u2014 permitted in the blend. White wines require a minimum of <strong data-start=\"1153\" data-end=\"1180\">80% Malvasia de Colares<\/strong>. Both colours must come primarily from vines planted in sandy soil; the DOC allows a maximum of <strong data-start=\"1277\" data-end=\"1284\">10%<\/strong> of the fruit to come from vineyards on the region&#8217;s clay-limestone soils instead, a rule that exists precisely because the sand is the point.<\/p><p data-start=\"1428\" data-end=\"1647\">Colares holds two informal titles worth knowing before the numbers get smaller: it&#8217;s the <strong data-start=\"1517\" data-end=\"1563\">westernmost wine DOC in continental Europe<\/strong>, and \u2014 at its current size \u2014 the <strong data-start=\"1597\" data-end=\"1646\">smallest still-wine-producing DOC in Portugal<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"1649\" data-end=\"2293\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">The DOC boundary itself sits inside the Sintra-Cascais Natural Park, a protected area formally established in <strong data-start=\"1759\" data-end=\"1767\">1994<\/strong> (built on a landscape that had already been protected since <strong data-start=\"1828\" data-end=\"1836\">1981<\/strong>) covering the coastal strip between Sintra&#8217;s mountains and the Atlantic. The Colares parish spreads across a scatter of small settlements \u2014 the village of Colares itself, plus the coastal hamlets of Praia das Ma\u00e7\u00e3s and Azenhas do Mar \u2014 connected by a stretch of road that runs through dune sand for most of its length. None of that scenery is incidental to the wine: the same wind, fog, and sand that shape the coastline are what shape what&#8217;s in the glass.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f105aa0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f105aa0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-269399\" alt=\"sintra cascais wine private tour\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra.jpg 960w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-768x526.jpg 768w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-600x411.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cd9b359 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"cd9b359\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0892256 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0892256\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-22ff678\" data-id=\"22ff678\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95ca9af elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95ca9af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-4\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-4\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-4\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-214\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"d4e25d0a-2192-4fe2-b78f-2ed15564cced\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-3\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-3\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-3\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-394\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"f8fbe121-3b5e-4278-b084-d4726a6fc2bc\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-1\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-1\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-428\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"fb348cbd-f40c-4d0f-98e6-9978702be673\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"faa8c67b-37ae-434f-84da-c950f0464572\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"wpnmuj\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"43\">How Phylloxera Never Reached These Vines<\/h2><p data-start=\"45\" data-end=\"651\">Phylloxera vastatrix \u2014 a root-feeding aphid native to North America \u2014 arrived in Europe in the <strong data-start=\"140\" data-end=\"149\">1860s<\/strong> and went on to destroy an estimated <strong data-start=\"186\" data-end=\"200\">two-thirds<\/strong> of the continent&#8217;s vineyards by the century&#8217;s end. Portugal was the second European country hit, with the insect first recorded near Sabrosa in the Douro Valley in <strong data-start=\"365\" data-end=\"373\">1868<\/strong>. Within four years it had crippled Port estates across the region, and within a decade grape growers nationwide were grafting their vines onto phylloxera-resistant American rootstock \u2014 the only fix anyone found, and still standard practice almost everywhere in the world today.<\/p><p data-start=\"653\" data-end=\"1240\">Colares never needed it. Phylloxera feeds by burrowing through soil to reach a vine&#8217;s roots, and it cannot move through loose sand \u2014 there&#8217;s nothing for the insect to grip. The Colares vineyards sit on deep coastal dune sand, so while the rest of the country was tearing out and replanting, Colares simply kept growing on its own roots. That makes it one of a small handful of places left in Europe \u2014 Santorini&#8217;s volcanic ash soils are another \u2014 where <em data-start=\"1105\" data-end=\"1121\">Vitis vinifera<\/em> vines were never grafted at all, some descended in an unbroken line from plantings that predate the epidemic entirely.<\/p><p data-start=\"1242\" data-end=\"1838\">Growing wine in sand isn&#8217;t free, though. Sand alone can&#8217;t support a root system, so Colares growers plant in trenches dug down through the dune \u2014 typically <strong data-start=\"1398\" data-end=\"1421\">two to three metres<\/strong>, sometimes considerably more \u2014 until they reach the clay underneath, where the roots can actually anchor. It&#8217;s a slower, more labour-intensive way to plant a vineyard than almost anywhere else in Portugal \u2014 one more reason nobody expanded Colares much even when there was land to expand into. The louse that beat every ungrafted vine on the continent lost to a beach, and the beach still made the growers dig for it.<\/p><p data-start=\"1840\" data-end=\"2461\">This sand-planted method \u2014 <em data-start=\"1867\" data-end=\"1882\">ch\u00e3o de areia<\/em>, &#8220;sand ground&#8221; \u2014 is only half the DOC. The other soil type, <em data-start=\"1943\" data-end=\"1954\">ch\u00e3o rijo<\/em> (&#8220;hard ground&#8221;), is a separate stretch of clay-limestone terrain elsewhere in the demarcated area, where vines are grafted onto rootstock in the ordinary way and planted directly, no trench required. It&#8217;s where Jo\u00e3o Santar\u00e9m \u2014 one of the varieties permitted in the red blend \u2014 traditionally comes from. DOC rules cap how much of that grafted, <em data-start=\"2298\" data-end=\"2309\">ch\u00e3o rijo<\/em> fruit can go into a bottle still labelled Colares: a maximum of <strong data-start=\"2374\" data-end=\"2381\">10%<\/strong>. The rest has to come from vines that never needed grafting in the first place.<\/p><p data-start=\"2463\" data-end=\"3198\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">There was, for a while, an upside to being the exception. As phylloxera worked through the rest of Europe between the <strong data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2590\">1860s<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"2595\" data-end=\"2603\">1900<\/strong>, wine regions that survived it did so by grafting onto American rootstock \u2014 a fix that changed how the vines grew, even if it saved them. Colares didn&#8217;t have to make that trade. For decades afterward, its wine carried a specific kind of prestige in export markets precisely because it was one of the last sources of true, ungrafted <em data-start=\"2936\" data-end=\"2952\">Vitis vinifera<\/em> left on the European mainland \u2014 the same vines, the same roots, that had been there before the epidemic. It&#8217;s a reputation the region built on an accident of geology, and then spent the next century slowly losing to a different problem entirely.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f1ad80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f1ad80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"526\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera-1024x673.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-278682\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera-1024x673.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera-768x505.jpg 768w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera-600x394.jpg 600w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/phylloxera.jpg 1366w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e83dc80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e83dc80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-424ffad elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"424ffad\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-486958b\" data-id=\"486958b\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15b38ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"15b38ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-1\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-1\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-1\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-258\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"54aa3b69-5674-43a0-9018-e0850e347586\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3-mini\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 data-turn-id-container=\"8586fbbf-b49a-46ce-b973-ac8826b48c00\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">Ramisco and Malvasia de Colares \u2014 The Two Grapes<\/h2><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-4\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-4\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-4\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-122\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"08495f57-5b38-4528-a36d-e454257913c5\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><p data-start=\"53\" data-end=\"544\">Ramisco is the DOC&#8217;s defining red grape \u2014 high in tannin, high in acidity, and comparatively low in alcohol, typically finishing around <strong data-start=\"189\" data-end=\"203\">11\u201312% ABV<\/strong>, a level most modern reds don&#8217;t bother with anymore. Those tannins are aggressive young; historically, growers held their best Ramisco for a decade or more before selling it, well beyond anything the DOC actually requires. It&#8217;s a wine built to age, in a region that spent most of the 20th century too small to have much of a surplus to age.<\/p><p data-start=\"546\" data-end=\"901\">Malvasia de Colares, the white counterpart, grows in the same sandy, fog-cooled conditions along the coast. The Atlantic proximity \u2014 persistent sea fog, high humidity, and a narrower daily temperature swing than inland Portugal \u2014 produces whites with a mineral, saline character that&#8217;s structurally different from Malvasias grown elsewhere in the country.<\/p><p data-start=\"903\" data-end=\"1607\">DOC rules allow reds to include up to <strong data-start=\"941\" data-end=\"948\">20%<\/strong> of other varieties alongside the required <strong data-start=\"991\" data-end=\"1006\">80% Ramisco<\/strong>, with Molar and Jo\u00e3o Santar\u00e9m the most commonly used \u2014 both older Portuguese varieties that add softness to Ramisco&#8217;s naturally aggressive tannin without diluting the wine&#8217;s character. Whites require a minimum of <strong data-start=\"1220\" data-end=\"1247\">80% Malvasia de Colares<\/strong>. Reds have historically dominated the region&#8217;s output, accounting for around <strong data-start=\"1325\" data-end=\"1343\">three-quarters<\/strong> of total production, with Malvasia de Colares making up most of the rest. Neither grape is exclusive to Colares in a botanical sense, but the combination \u2014 Atlantic-facing dune sand, ungrafted vines, and a century of legal minimums nobody actually drinks to \u2014 is.<\/p><p data-start=\"1609\" data-end=\"2102\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">If you&#8217;ve had a young Nebbiolo or an unripe Bordeaux blend and remember the tannin gripping the inside of your cheeks, that&#8217;s roughly the territory a young Ramisco starts in \u2014 except with less fruit softening the blow and more salt-and-mineral undertone from the sand and sea air underneath it. It&#8217;s not a wine designed to be liked immediately, which is probably part of why it never became a supermarket staple even in the years when the region had far more than <strong data-start=\"2073\" data-end=\"2088\">24 hectares<\/strong> to sell from.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4426117 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4426117\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wine-estate-Portugal.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-276175\" alt=\"Wine estate Portugal\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wine-estate-Portugal.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wine-estate-Portugal-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wine-estate-Portugal-768x507.jpg 768w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wine-estate-Portugal-18x12.jpg 18w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Wine-estate-Portugal-600x396.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ea8b0e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ea8b0e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e059b6d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e059b6d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f0e5be7\" data-id=\"f0e5be7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5586cf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5586cf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-220\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"41bd799a-80e9-4829-8ac6-6f55e1148a7c\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3-mini\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 data-turn-id-container=\"bf2cfcfd-2e55-412b-9424-d4b850fe5185\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">How Colares Wine Is Made<\/h2><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-5\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-5\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-5\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-124\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"51d4e587-1490-4155-b124-6f3121984085\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><p data-start=\"29\" data-end=\"468\">Beyond the trench-planting method, the DOC sets legal minimum aging periods before any Colares wine can be sold: <strong data-start=\"142\" data-end=\"155\">red wines<\/strong> require at least <strong data-start=\"173\" data-end=\"194\">18 months in wood<\/strong> followed by <strong data-start=\"207\" data-end=\"229\">6 months in bottle<\/strong>; <strong data-start=\"231\" data-end=\"241\">whites<\/strong> require at least <strong data-start=\"259\" data-end=\"279\">6 months in wood<\/strong> and <strong data-start=\"284\" data-end=\"306\">3 months in bottle<\/strong>. These are floors, not targets \u2014 a Colares Ramisco released at the legal minimum is, by regional standards, a wine sold before it&#8217;s finished arguing with itself.<\/p><p data-start=\"470\" data-end=\"919\">The vines are trained low and close to the ground, partly as a defence against the same Atlantic wind that cools the Malvasia grapes \u2014 anything trained higher gets scoured by salt-laden gusts coming straight off the ocean with nothing in the way to slow them down. Harvest generally runs through <strong data-start=\"766\" data-end=\"791\">September and October<\/strong>, later than most of inland Portugal, for the same reason the region stays cooler in summer: the Atlantic doesn&#8217;t rush anything.<\/p><p data-start=\"921\" data-end=\"1347\">Because the vines were never grafted, replanting after disease, storm damage, or simple old age isn&#8217;t as straightforward as ordering rootstock from a nursery catalogue \u2014 growers propagate from existing Colares vines, which keeps the ungrafted lineage intact but also keeps expansion slow. It&#8217;s the same story as the aging rules, in miniature: everything about making this wine happens on the vine&#8217;s schedule, not the market&#8217;s.<\/p><p data-start=\"1349\" data-end=\"2068\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Yields reflect all of this. The average Portuguese vineyard produces somewhere around <strong data-start=\"1435\" data-end=\"1471\">5\u20137 tonnes of grapes per hectare<\/strong>; Colares estimates run well below that, with figures cited anywhere from <strong data-start=\"1545\" data-end=\"1592\">under one tonne to a few tonnes per hectare<\/strong> depending on the plot and the year \u2014 low by any measure, and consistent with vines that are old, ungrafted, and planted in about the least accommodating soil available. Combined with the region&#8217;s total planted area, annual output across the whole DOC is measured in <strong data-start=\"1859\" data-end=\"1890\">tens of thousands of litres<\/strong>, not the <strong data-start=\"1900\" data-end=\"1937\">hundreds of thousands or millions<\/strong> that define most named wine regions. A single mid-sized Douro producer can out-produce the entire Colares DOC in a single vintage.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26cfa8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"26cfa8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0-1024x576.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-270059\" alt=\"sintra-wine-tours\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/sintra-wine-DfZ8VXk0.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9812753 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"9812753\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0120a83 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0120a83\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a5a0ace\" data-id=\"a5a0ace\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc07f85 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bc07f85\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-220\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"41bd799a-80e9-4829-8ac6-6f55e1148a7c\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3-mini\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-4\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-4\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-4\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-78\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"cb0e580e-663b-4e07-87c5-cb07a8bc9de4\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"13zbvrx\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"59\">From 2,000 Hectares to 24: A Region&#8217;s Near-Disappearance<\/h2><p data-start=\"61\" data-end=\"560\">At the time of the <strong data-start=\"80\" data-end=\"88\">1908<\/strong> demarcation, Colares had roughly <strong data-start=\"122\" data-end=\"140\">2,000 hectares<\/strong> under vine. A cooperative founded in <strong data-start=\"178\" data-end=\"186\">1931<\/strong> to represent the region&#8217;s growers once counted close to <strong data-start=\"243\" data-end=\"258\">500 members<\/strong> farming around <strong data-start=\"274\" data-end=\"292\">1,500 hectares<\/strong> between them. What happened next wasn&#8217;t a slow fade so much as a structural one: Sintra sits inside greater Lisbon&#8217;s commuter belt, and through the second half of the 20th century, vineyard land was worth more as housing plots than as sand that happened to grow wine.<\/p><p data-start=\"562\" data-end=\"1180\">A <strong data-start=\"564\" data-end=\"572\">1938<\/strong> survey, published as a regional study of the area&#8217;s vineyards, recorded just over <strong data-start=\"655\" data-end=\"673\">1,000 hectares<\/strong> still under vine \u2014 already less than half the <strong data-start=\"720\" data-end=\"728\">1908<\/strong> figure, but still a working wine region by any normal measure. The real collapse came after that. From the <strong data-start=\"836\" data-end=\"845\">1960s<\/strong> onward, Sintra&#8217;s rural land started converting to semi-urban housing at a pace the vineyards couldn&#8217;t compete with economically; a hectare of sand growing a wine that legally can&#8217;t be sold for <strong data-start=\"1039\" data-end=\"1058\">eighteen months<\/strong> doesn&#8217;t outbid a hectare zoned for houses. By the <strong data-start=\"1109\" data-end=\"1123\">late 1990s<\/strong>, the DOC had shrunk to somewhere around <strong data-start=\"1164\" data-end=\"1179\">12 hectares<\/strong>.<\/p><p data-start=\"1182\" data-end=\"1684\">It has recovered modestly since \u2014 current plantings sit at roughly <strong data-start=\"1249\" data-end=\"1267\">20\u201324 hectares<\/strong> (estimates vary by source and year), farmed by around <strong data-start=\"1322\" data-end=\"1341\">a dozen growers<\/strong>, which still makes Colares the smallest still-wine-producing DOC in the country by a wide margin. For comparison, the Douro \u2014 Portugal&#8217;s largest wine region \u2014 has close to <strong data-start=\"1514\" data-end=\"1533\">38,000 hectares<\/strong> actually under vine. You could fit the entire Colares DOC inside the Douro&#8217;s planted vineyard area over <strong data-start=\"1638\" data-end=\"1653\">1,500 times<\/strong> and still have room left over.<\/p><p data-start=\"1686\" data-end=\"2058\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">None of that recovery happened because Colares wine got cheap or easy to make. It happened because a handful of growers kept planting in sand trenches for a wine that takes over a year just to become legally sellable, in a region where the land underneath it was worth more paved over. That&#8217;s not really a business case. It&#8217;s closer to stubbornness with a DOC stamp on it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9a8d8db elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9a8d8db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/kee5sf22zsc3.webp\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-260148\" alt=\"Wine Tours\" srcset=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/kee5sf22zsc3.webp 972w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/kee5sf22zsc3-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/kee5sf22zsc3-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/kee5sf22zsc3-600x400.webp 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c8c08b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6c8c08b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6167f15 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6167f15\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16cbd03\" data-id=\"16cbd03\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcf0f01 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dcf0f01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-220\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"41bd799a-80e9-4829-8ac6-6f55e1148a7c\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3-mini\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-48\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"1a5d4523-ae7a-46f8-8bba-f76223b64506\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-128\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"c8c0f878-398a-41d2-a350-94c5eaed347e\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-section-id=\"1u6kfq3\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"46\">Visiting Colares on a Wine Tour From Lisbon<\/h2><p data-start=\"48\" data-end=\"510\">Colares is a <strong data-start=\"61\" data-end=\"77\">30\u201340 minute<\/strong> drive from central Lisbon \u2014 close enough to visit as a stop on a longer day rather than a dedicated trip of its own, which is how most people end up tasting it, combined with Sintra&#8217;s palaces, <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/roca-cape\/\">Cabo da Roca<\/a>, or the coast toward <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/cascais\/\">Cascais<\/a>. <strong data-start=\"314\" data-end=\"339\">September and October<\/strong>, the harvest window, occasionally let visitors see the pressing itself; outside that period, cellar visits typically mean barrel or bottle tastings across a few vintages.<\/p><p data-start=\"512\" data-end=\"1002\">We run a <a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wine-tours\/\">wine tours<\/a> that stops at a working winery in the Colares DOC area before continuing on to Sintra, Cabo da Roca, and Cascais \u2014 the specific winery depends on harvest schedule and availability, since with only around <strong data-start=\"734\" data-end=\"760\">a dozen active growers<\/strong> in the region, nobody keeps a fixed public visiting schedule the way a larger wine region can. Expect to taste a Ramisco red and, depending on the season, a Malvasia de Colares white, with an aged reserve if your tasting option includes one.<\/p><p data-start=\"1004\" data-end=\"1642\">The visit itself is unhurried by design \u2014 you&#8217;re not touring a production facility built for coach groups, you&#8217;re walking through a working vineyard that happens to be smaller than some vineyards&#8217; parking lots. Non-drinkers are always accommodated with non-alcoholic alternatives, and the sightseeing portion of the day \u2014 Sintra&#8217;s palaces, the cliffs at Cabo da Roca, Cascais&#8217; old town \u2014 runs exactly the same whether or not anyone in the group drinks a drop of wine. Comfortable, closed-toe shoes are worth packing regardless; between the dune paths at the vineyard and Sintra&#8217;s cobblestones later in the day, sandals don&#8217;t hold up well.<\/p><p data-start=\"1644\" data-end=\"2155\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Given how little of this wine gets made, tasting it here is a more reliable plan than looking for a bottle once you&#8217;re home \u2014 Colares barely exports, and most of what does leave Portugal doesn&#8217;t travel far past specialist wine shops. Even within Portugal, a fair number of restaurants that would happily sell you a Douro red or a Vinho Verde won&#8217;t have a bottle of Colares on the list at all; annual production across the whole DOC is small enough that distribution stays local almost by default, not by design.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-282c7db elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"282c7db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd35807 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd35807\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c5f9499\" data-id=\"c5f9499\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2980a56 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2980a56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a2c80c3-d6a4-83ed-b805-e5591f2514fb-7\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-220\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"41bd799a-80e9-4829-8ac6-6f55e1148a7c\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-3-mini\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-48\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"1a5d4523-ae7a-46f8-8bba-f76223b64506\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"qMYqUG_convSearchResultHighlightRoot\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-94\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"7258d13e-d969-42a9-b67b-56e8072c073d\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"57377262-e78b-4c1b-ae0b-247e58b2b962\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">\u00a0<\/div><div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\"><section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-6a495e26-5ebc-83eb-8792-67bf0071a8e7-8\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-130\" data-turn=\"assistant\"><div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-10 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\"><div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col gap-4 grow\"><div class=\"min-h-8 text-message relative flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 text-start break-words whitespace-normal outline-none keyboard-focused:focus-ring [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-1\" dir=\"auto\" tabindex=\"0\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"f1e1bb1c-54d8-472e-94c6-00d643ddb6bb\" data-message-model-slug=\"gpt-5-5\" data-turn-start-message=\"true\"><div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden\"><div class=\"markdown prose dark:prose-invert wrap-break-word w-full light markdown-new-styling\"><h2 data-section-id=\"1nyz5xv\" data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"35\">Taste Colares Wine at the Source<\/h2><p data-start=\"37\" data-end=\"195\">Reading about ungrafted vines in sand is one thing \u2014 tasting a Ramisco that&#8217;s been fighting its own tannins for a decade is a different kind of understanding.<\/p><ul data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"343\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\"><li data-section-id=\"h790z5\" data-start=\"197\" data-end=\"343\" data-is-last-node=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wine-tours\/sintra-wine-tour\/\"><strong data-start=\"199\" data-end=\"227\">Sintra Wine Tasting Tour<\/strong> <\/a>\u2192 Colares DOC winery visit, Sintra, Cabo da Roca &amp; Cascais, from Lisbon<b>.<\/b><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aea1784 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"aea1784\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fa3c1b0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fa3c1b0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a9f226c\" data-id=\"a9f226c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a34f555 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a34f555\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">FAQ<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b369297 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b369297\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f04a31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"6f04a31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;all_collapsed&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. Open links with Enter or Space, close with Escape, and navigate with Arrow Keys\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1160\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"1\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1160\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What is Colares wine? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1160\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78c3cb9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"78c3cb9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4aa1cb8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4aa1cb8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Colares is a Portuguese DOC wine made in a small coastal region of Sintra, about 25 km northwest of Lisbon. Red wines are made primarily from Ramisco grapes grown in coastal sand dunes; white wines from Malvasia de Colares. The region was demarcated in 1908 and today covers roughly 24 hectares, making it the smallest still-wine-producing DOC in Portugal.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1161\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1161\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Why is Colares wine so rare? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1161\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eec553a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"eec553a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb71002 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cb71002\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Because there&#8217;s almost none of it left to make. At its 1908 demarcation, Colares had around 2,000 hectares under vine; that shrank to roughly 12 hectares by the late 1990s as Lisbon&#8217;s suburbs expanded into the region, and has only recovered to about 24 hectares since. Total annual output is small enough that the wine barely reaches export markets.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1162\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1162\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Why weren't Colares vines destroyed by phylloxera? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1162\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03f9d02 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"03f9d02\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cf6484 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2cf6484\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Phylloxera is a root-feeding insect that cannot move through loose sand. Colares&#8217; vineyards are planted in deep coastal dune sand, so while phylloxera devastated the rest of Portugal&#8217;s vineyards after reaching the Douro Valley in 1868, Colares&#8217; vines were never affected and never needed to be grafted onto resistant American rootstock \u2014 unlike almost every other vineyard in Europe.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1163\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1163\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What grapes are used to make Colares wine? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1163\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cd4ffb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8cd4ffb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8ad4388 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8ad4388\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>DOC rules require red Colares wine to be at least 80% Ramisco, with up to 20% of other local varieties (mainly Molar and Jo\u00e3o Santar\u00e9m) allowed. White Colares wine must be at least 80% Malvasia de Colares. Both must come primarily from vines planted in sandy soil, with a maximum of 10% permitted from the region&#8217;s clay-limestone soils.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1164\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1164\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> How long is Colares wine aged before it can be sold? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1164\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f467494 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f467494\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6057e93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6057e93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>DOC rules set a legal minimum: red wines need at least 18 months in wood plus 6 months in bottle; white wines need at least 6 months in wood plus 3 months in bottle. Historically, growers held their best Ramisco for a decade or more before selling it \u2014 well beyond the legal floor.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1165\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1165\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> How big is the Colares wine region today? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1165\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d73f676 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d73f676\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a62e679 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a62e679\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Around 24 hectares, farmed by roughly a dozen active growers. That&#8217;s down from about 2,000 hectares at the region&#8217;s 1908 demarcation, and up slightly from a low point of around 12 hectares in the late 1990s<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1166\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"7\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1166\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> What does Colares wine taste like? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1166\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad642f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ad642f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e530982 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e530982\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Ramisco reds are high in tannin and acidity, comparatively low in alcohol (around 11\u201312% ABV), and built to age \u2014 young bottles can be austere. Malvasia de Colares whites are mineral and saline, shaped by constant Atlantic fog and humidity, and taste noticeably different from Malvasias grown further inland.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1167\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"8\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1167\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Can I visit the Colares wine region from Lisbon? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1167\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d85b692 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d85b692\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee86a11 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ee86a11\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Yes. Colares is a 30\u201340 minute drive from central Lisbon and is usually visited as part of a longer day that also covers Sintra, Cabo da Roca, and Cascais rather than as a standalone trip. September\u2013October is harvest season; outside that window, visits typically mean barrel or bottle tastings.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-1168\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"9\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-1168\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><div class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Is Colares wine available outside Portugal? <\/div><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-question\" viewBox=\"0 0 384 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M202.021 0C122.202 0 70.503 32.703 29.914 91.026c-7.363 10.58-5.093 25.086 5.178 32.874l43.138 32.709c10.373 7.865 25.132 6.026 33.253-4.148 25.049-31.381 43.63-49.449 82.757-49.449 30.764 0 68.816 19.799 68.816 49.631 0 22.552-18.617 34.134-48.993 51.164-35.423 19.86-82.299 44.576-82.299 106.405V320c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h72.471c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24v-5.773c0-42.86 125.268-44.645 125.268-160.627C377.504 66.256 286.902 0 202.021 0zM192 373.459c-38.196 0-69.271 31.075-69.271 69.271 0 38.195 31.075 69.27 69.271 69.27s69.271-31.075 69.271-69.271-31.075-69.27-69.271-69.27z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-1168\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c467e5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7c467e5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-80caf81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"80caf81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div><div>Rarely. Annual production is small enough that most Colares wine doesn&#8217;t leave Portugal, and what does export tends to be found only through specialist wine shops rather than general retailers.<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d5a1275 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d5a1275\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d3f0bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6d3f0bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9f67fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e9f67fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/Fabio-Mendes-Founder-and-CEO-at-Yellow-Cab-TT-Tours-author-rph4w5c6zyrun8yuo0rn2aphtfl28cvno9jlg1c4g0.png\" title=\"F\u00e1bio Mendes \u2013 Founder and CEO at Yellow Cab TT Tours \u2013 author\" alt=\"F\u00e1bio Mendes - Founder and CEO at Yellow Cab TT Tours - author\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fc5a17 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2fc5a17\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"text-align: center;\">Written by F\u00e1bio Mendes<br \/>Founder &amp; Director of Yellow Cab TT Tours. Guiding in Portugal for 20+ years. <br \/>Founded Yellow Cab TT Tours in 2013. 3,372 five-star reviews on Tripadvisor.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div><div><div>F\u00e1bio has been running private wine and sightseeing tours from Lisbon since 2013, including regular stops in the Colares DOC. He built the tour around understanding why the region&#8217;s wine is the way it is \u2014 the sand, the grafting that never happened, the aging rules \u2014 rather than around any single producer&#8217;s shop.<\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4ab0ce elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b4ab0ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/our-team\/fabio-mendes\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">About F\u00e1bio<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5592bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a5592bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Author: F\u00e1bio Mendes \u00b7 Founder &amp; Director, Yellow Cab TT Tours13 Jule 2026 \u00b7 15 min read Phylloxera destroyed roughly two-thirds of Europe&#8217;s vineyards in the second half of the 19th century, reaching Portugal&#8217;s Douro Valley in 1868 and crippling the country&#8217;s Port estates within a few years. The fix everywhere was the same: rip [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":261153,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[60],"class_list":["post-278671","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-artigo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Colares Wine: Portugal&#039;s Ungrafted Vines in Sand | YCTTT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Colares&#039; vines are some of the only ungrafted Vitis vinifera left in Europe - phylloxera can&#039;t survive in sand. The DOC story, in under 24 hectares.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/es\/blog\/colares-wine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Colares Wine: Portugal&#039;s Ungrafted Vines in Sand | YCTTT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Colares&#039; vines are some of the only ungrafted Vitis vinifera left in Europe - phylloxera can&#039;t survive in sand. The DOC story, in under 24 hectares.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/es\/blog\/colares-wine\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Yellow Cab TT Tours\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/yellowcabtttours\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-12T23:00:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/yellowcabtttours.pt\/wp-content\/uploads\/Adega-de-colares.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"462\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"F\u00e1bio Mendes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"F\u00e1bio Mendes\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yellowcabtttours.pt\\\/blog\\\/colares-wine\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yellowcabtttours.pt\\\/blog\\\/colares-wine\\\/\",\"name\":\"Colares Wine: Portugal's Ungrafted Vines in Sand | YCTTT\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yellowcabtttours.pt\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yellowcabtttours.pt\\\/blog\\\/colares-wine\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yellowcabtttours.pt\\\/blog\\\/colares-wine\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/yellowcabtttours.pt\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/Adega-de-colares.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-12T23:00:27+00:00\",\"description\":\"Colares' vines are some of the only ungrafted Vitis vinifera left in Europe - phylloxera can't survive in sand. 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